How can an exception be raised in OutSystems?

In OutSystems, exceptions can be raised automatically by the system, for example, when there is a failure during a database operation or when certain validations fail. Additionally, developers can explicitly raise exceptions within the logic flow of an application. This allows for customized error handling based on specific business logic or application needs. For instance, a developer might use a "Throw Exception" action in a flow to signal that something went wrong, passing along relevant details about the error.

The other choices do not align with how exceptions are handled in OutSystems. Setting a static variable to true does not trigger an exception; it merely changes the state of that variable. User interface actions alone do not encompass the broader capability of raising exceptions across the application logic. Altering the database schema is a structural change and does not relate to how exceptions are raised or managed during runtime. Thus, the option stating that exceptions can be raised automatically or by raising them within a flow accurately captures the method by which exceptions function within the OutSystems environment.